Pumps – Operation of industrial components
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes mixtures of fluids laden with solids, by mechanical action, usually converted from electrical energy to hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups based on the method they use to move fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.
Pumps operate according to a particular mechanism (usually reciprocating or rotating), and consume energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many power sources, including hand operation, electricity, motors or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic pumps used in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.
Mechanical pumps are used in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtration, pond filtration and aeration, in the automotive industry for water cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for the operation of cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in drug development and manufacturing, and as artificial replacements for body parts, particularly the artificial heart and penile prostheses.
When a casing contains only one rotating drive wheel, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more rotating drive wheels, it is called a two-stage or multistage pump.
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