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Pumps – Troubleshooting and repair

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converting electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three main groups according to the method they use to move fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.

Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary) and consume energy to perform mechanical work moving the fluid. Pumps operate through many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, motors, or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.

Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications, such as pumping water from wells, filtering and aerating aquariums and ponds, in the automotive industry for water cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in drug development and manufacturing, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prostheses.

When a casing contains only one rotating impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more rotating rotors, it is called a double-stage or multi-stage pump.

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